Skip to main content

Apa Itu Keabsahan Data

1. What (Apa itu Keabsahan Data?)

Keabsahan data merupakan upaya untuk memastikan bahwa data yang dikumpulkan dalam penelitian dapat dipercaya, valid, dan sesuai dengan realitas yang diteliti. Dalam penelitian kualitatif, keabsahan data sangat penting karena data yang diperoleh cenderung subjektif, sehingga peneliti perlu menerapkan strategi untuk menjamin kualitas temuan (Nowell et al., 2021).

Empat kriteria utama dalam uji keabsahan data adalah credibility, transferability, dependability, dan confirmability (Lincoln & Guba, 1985; dikembangkan kembali oleh penelitian-penelitian kontemporer).

2. Who (Siapa yang Menggunakan Keabsahan Data?)

Keabsahan data digunakan oleh peneliti kualitatif di berbagai bidang seperti ilmu sosial, pendidikan, kesehatan, hingga manajemen. Tujuannya adalah agar temuan penelitian dapat dipertanggungjawabkan secara ilmiah, bukan sekadar opini subjektif peneliti (Kyngäs et al., 2020).

3. When (Kapan Keabsahan Data Digunakan?)

Keabsahan data diterapkan sepanjang proses penelitian kualitatif, mulai dari pengumpulan data, analisis, hingga pelaporan hasil. Misalnya, saat melakukan wawancara mendalam, peneliti harus melakukan triangulasi sumber agar hasilnya lebih kredibel (Moser & Korstjens, 2021).

4. Where (Di Mana Keabsahan Data Diterapkan?)

Keabsahan data dapat diterapkan pada berbagai konteks penelitian kualitatif. Contohnya:

  • Penelitian pendidikan (validasi pengalaman guru).
  • Penelitian kesehatan (menguji pengalaman pasien).
  • Penelitian sosial (menggali perspektif masyarakat).

5. How (Bagaimana Keabsahan Data Diuji?)

Keabsahan data diuji melalui empat dimensi:

  1. Credibility (Kredibilitas)

    • Mengukur sejauh mana data dapat dipercaya.
    • Dilakukan melalui triangulasi sumber, perpanjangan waktu penelitian, dan member checking.
    • Contoh: Peneliti meminta responden memverifikasi hasil wawancara agar sesuai dengan pengalaman asli mereka.

  2. Transferability (Keteralihan)

    • Menunjukkan sejauh mana temuan dapat diterapkan di konteks lain.
    • Dilakukan dengan memberikan deskripsi yang detail (thick description).
    • Contoh: Penelitian pengalaman guru di sekolah pedesaan bisa dijadikan acuan bagi penelitian di sekolah urban jika konteksnya dijelaskan secara rinci.

  3. Dependability (Kebergantungan)

    • Menekankan konsistensi hasil penelitian jika dilakukan ulang pada kondisi serupa.
    • Dilakukan melalui audit trail, yaitu dokumentasi rinci semua langkah penelitian.
    • Contoh: Peneliti mencatat proses coding data agar peneliti lain bisa mengikuti alur analisis yang sama.

  4. Confirmability (Konfirmabilitas)

    • Menjamin bahwa hasil penelitian bebas dari bias peneliti.
    • Dilakukan melalui audit independen, triangulasi metode, dan catatan reflektif.
    • Contoh: Hasil penelitian tentang kepuasan pasien didukung bukti transkrip wawancara, bukan hanya interpretasi subjektif peneliti.

Contoh Kasus Penerapan Keabsahan Data

Dalam penelitian tentang pengalaman mahasiswa selama pembelajaran daring, peneliti menggunakan:

  • Credibility → melakukan member checking dengan meminta mahasiswa meninjau kembali hasil transkrip wawancara.
  • Transferability → menyajikan deskripsi lengkap mengenai konteks universitas, akses internet, dan kebijakan kampus.
  • Dependability → mendokumentasikan tahapan coding data dalam software NVivo.
  • Confirmability → melibatkan peneliti lain untuk mengecek hasil analisis agar bebas bias individu.

Kesimpulan

Keabsahan data merupakan aspek fundamental dalam penelitian kualitatif. Empat kriteria—credibility, transferability, dependability, dan confirmability—membantu peneliti memastikan bahwa hasil penelitian valid, dapat dipercaya, dan bermanfaat bagi konteks yang lebih luas.

Referensi (APA Style)


Please check our service, if you need help to publish your article in Scopus, Copernicus or even Sinta journal. 




Labels:

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Download Agile Processes in Software Engineering and Extreme Programming – Workshops

 This open access book comprises research workshop papers presented at XP 2022 and XP 2023, which are the 23rd and 24th International Conferences on Agile Software Development. The conferences took place on June 13-17, 2022, at the IT University of Copenhagen, Denmark, and on June 13-16, 2023, in Amsterdam, Netherlands. XP is a leading conference that brings together research and practice in agile software development. The forum is a distinct gathering where agile researchers, practitioners, thought leaders, coaches, and trainers convene to showcase and deliberate on their latest innovations, research findings, experiences, issues, difficulties, and trends. XP conferences offer a casual setting for acquiring knowledge and stimulating discussions, catering to both newcomers and experienced practitioners of agile methodologies. Download Agile Processes in Software Engineering and Extreme Programming – Workshops The workshops that occurred in 2022 were as follows: The next events in...
Post a Comment
Read more

Download 66 Simple Rules for Entrepreneurs

This freely available book is your passport to achieving entrepreneurial triumph! Acquire pragmatic strategies to adopt an entrepreneurial mindset, identify potential prospects, establish crucial connections, craft captivating narratives, and expand your business endeavor. Uncover the strategies for conquering obstacles, effectively handling pressure, and navigating the process of decision-making in the ever-changing realm of entrepreneurship. Whether you possess extensive experience as an entrepreneur or are a novice in the field, these uncomplicated tools will direct you towards achieving success in the intricate entrepreneurial environment. Bid farewell to daunting choices and welcome a streamlined approach to realizing your entrepreneurial vision! This book also distinguishes itself from a textbook by abstaining from the use of intricate illustrations. Although examples might assist in making abstract concepts more tangible, we prefer to directly focus on the tangible aspects. Pre...
Post a Comment
Read more

Download Palgrave Studies in Sub-National Governance

This series examines the requirements and customs of cities and regions as well as the formal structures of subnational governance and democracy. In books, edited compilations, and Palgrave Pivots will examine how territorial government will develop in the future. concept of territory-based democracy; how hybrid forms of functional governance and territorial government affect established institutions between public ideals, representational democracy, and government; what changes may be made to local and regional democracies to make them more effective; and what kinds of frameworks can be created to support minority groups' participation in urban decision-making.  Download Palgrave Studies in Sub-National Governance The series' books will also look at various forms of government, such as "quadruple" governance, "triple helix" governance, and the possibility of "multiple helix" governance. The show will also address societal topics such as energy tra...
Post a Comment
Read more