Digitalization refers to the conversion of information and knowledge obtained in physical form, such as through sensors or printed documents, into a language that can be understood by computers. The phenomenon is central to the digital transformation, which depends on the combined and interconnected use of advanced technologies such as 3D printing, blockchain technology (distributed ledger), the Internet of Things, machine learning, and artificial intelligence. This leads to the generation of large volumes of data known as big data, which necessitates the use of big data analytics approaches (Ertz et al., 2022). The potential to utilize these massive data sets is mostly unexplored, but it has the potential to facilitate the shift towards "more sustainable and efficient smart integrated cities." Upon reviewing previous studies, it is evident that there are three fundamental components in academic research. The integration of digitalization into sustainability is represented by...