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Cara Menulis Daftar Pustaka dengan Gaya APA

Menulis daftar pustaka bukan cuma soal formalitas akademik. Ini menyangkut kredibilitas, kejujuran ilmiah, dan penghargaan terhadap karya orang lain. Supaya tidak keliru, berikut panduan lengkap penulisan daftar pustaka dengan gaya APA edisi ke-7, khusus untuk sumber yang terbit dalam lima tahun terakhir (2019–2024). Kita bahas dengan pendekatan 4W1H: What, Why, When, Where, How.

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1. What – Apa Itu Daftar Pustaka Gaya APA?

Daftar pustaka gaya APA adalah format standar dari American Psychological Association untuk mencatat sumber referensi. Gaya ini menekankan pada urutan tertentu: penulis, tahun, judul, sumber, dan tautan (jika ada). Format ini dipakai luas dalam bidang ilmu sosial, pendidikan, dan psikologi.

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2. Why – Kenapa Harus Mengikuti Format APA?

Konsistensi: Format seragam memudahkan pembaca menelusuri sumber.

Kredibilitas: Menunjukkan bahwa tulisan Anda didasarkan pada data yang sah.

Etika akademik: Menghindari plagiarisme.

Kebutuhan institusi: Banyak kampus dan jurnal mensyaratkan format APA terbaru.

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3. When – Kapan Menggunakan Sumber 5 Tahun Terakhir?

Gunakan sumber dari lima tahun terakhir (2019–2024) jika Anda menulis karya ilmiah yang membutuhkan data atau teori mutakhir, seperti:

Skripsi atau tesis

Artikel jurnal

Paper konferensi

Karya ilmiah populer yang berbasis riset terkini

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4. Where – Di Mana Format APA Digunakan?

Format APA digunakan di:

Lingkungan akademik (universitas, sekolah tinggi)

Jurnal ilmiah

Proposal penelitian

Artikel populer berbasis data dan sains

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5. How – Bagaimana Menulis Daftar Pustaka dengan Benar?

Berikut format dan contoh penulisan daftar pustaka gaya APA, edisi ke-7:

📘 Buku:

> Format:

Nama Belakang, Inisial Nama Depan. (Tahun). Judul buku. Penerbit.

> Contoh:

Priyanto, A. R. (2021). Metodologi Penelitian Sosial Kontemporer. Pustaka Cendekia.

📰 Artikel Jurnal:

> Format:

Nama Belakang, Inisial. (Tahun). Judul artikel. Nama Jurnal, volume(nomor), halaman. https://doi.org/xxxx

> Contoh:

Putri, D. A., & Hidayat, R. (2022). Pengaruh media sosial terhadap literasi informasi mahasiswa. Jurnal Komunikasi Digital, 5(2), 112–125. https://doi.org/10.1234/jkd.v5i2.112

🌐 Situs Web:

> Format:

Nama Organisasi atau Penulis. (Tahun, Tanggal). Judul halaman. Nama Situs. URL

> Contoh:

Badan Pusat Statistik. (2023, 12 Mei). Statistik pemuda Indonesia 2023. https://www.bps.go.id/publication/pemuda2023

🗞️ Artikel Berita Online:

> Contoh:

Ramadhan, M. A. (2024, 3 Januari). Perubahan iklim dan kebijakan energi Indonesia. Kompas. https://www.kompas.com/climate2024

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Kesimpulan

Menulis daftar pustaka dengan gaya APA bukan sekadar mengikuti aturan, tapi juga menjaga integritas ilmiah. Gunakan sumber lima tahun terakhir untuk menjamin bahwa informasi yang Anda kutip relevan, terkini, dan akurat. Ikuti format dengan teliti — kesalahan kecil seperti titik atau huruf kapital bisa berdampak besar.


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