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Apa Itu NVivo? Analisis dalam Format

📖 Apa Itu NVivo? Analisis dalam Format 


1. What (Apa Itu NVivo?)

NVivo adalah perangkat lunak Computer Assisted Qualitative Data Analysis Software (CAQDAS) yang dirancang untuk membantu peneliti menganalisis data kualitatif yang kompleks, seperti wawancara, observasi, artikel, maupun media sosial. NVivo dikembangkan oleh QSR International dan kini dikelola oleh Lumivero sebagai salah satu software terpopuler dalam penelitian sosial, pendidikan, dan kesehatan.

Fitur utama NVivo mencakup coding data, membuat node (tema), melakukan query pencarian pola, analisis teks, visualisasi data, hingga integrasi dengan perangkat lain seperti SPSS, EndNote, dan Mendeley (Woolf & Silver, 2019). Dengan kata lain, NVivo mempermudah peneliti dalam menemukan pola, hubungan, dan tema utama dari kumpulan data besar yang bersifat non-numerik.


2. Who (Siapa yang Menggunakan NVivo?)

Pengguna NVivo beragam, mulai dari mahasiswa, dosen, hingga peneliti profesional.

1. Mahasiswa pascasarjana → terutama S2/S3 yang menulis tesis dan disertasi berbasis data kualitatif.

2. Dosen & akademisi → menggunakan NVivo untuk penelitian, publikasi, atau kolaborasi proyek lintas disiplin.

3. Lembaga penelitian & NGO → untuk menganalisis wawancara lapangan, survei terbuka, atau data media.

4. Perusahaan & konsultan → digunakan dalam riset pasar, analisis customer feedback, hingga evaluasi kebijakan publik (Paulus & Bennett, 2020).

Sebagai contoh, mahasiswa magister pendidikan di Indonesia menggunakan NVivo untuk mengelompokkan jawaban wawancara guru terkait strategi pembelajaran daring selama pandemi. Hasil coding NVivo membantu menemukan tema-tema utama seperti “kendala teknologi” dan “peran orang tua”.


3. When (Kapan NVivo Digunakan?)


NVivo digunakan dalam seluruh tahap penelitian kualitatif, khususnya setelah data terkumpul.

Tahap awal → peneliti mengimpor transkrip wawancara, catatan lapangan, atau dokumen.

Tahap analisis → peneliti melakukan coding data, mencari pola, dan membandingkan antar-responden.

Tahap akhir → NVivo digunakan untuk membuat visualisasi (misalnya word cloud, diagram jaringan) dan menghasilkan laporan tematik (Salmons, 2021).

Contoh nyata: peneliti kesehatan masyarakat menggunakan NVivo untuk menganalisis pengalaman pasien COVID-19. Data wawancara dari ratusan pasien kemudian diolah menjadi tema tentang “akses layanan kesehatan”, “dukungan keluarga”, dan “dampak psikologis”.


4. Where (Di Mana NVivo Digunakan?)


NVivo digunakan secara global di berbagai institusi pendidikan, riset, dan industri.

Universitas → Harvard, Oxford, hingga UI dan UGM menyediakan lisensi NVivo untuk mahasiswa dan dosen.

Lembaga penelitian internasional → WHO dan UNESCO memanfaatkan NVivo untuk menganalisis data kualitatif global.

Pemerintah & LSM → dipakai dalam evaluasi kebijakan publik, riset sosial, hingga survei partisipatif (Woolf & Silver, 2019).

Di Indonesia, NVivo populer di kalangan mahasiswa pascasarjana yang menulis tesis kualitatif, karena membantu analisis data wawancara yang biasanya mencapai ratusan halaman.

5. Why (Mengapa NVivo Penting?)


NVivo penting karena memberikan struktur sistematis untuk penelitian kualitatif yang biasanya dianggap “subjektif”.

1. Menghemat waktu → coding manual ratusan transkrip bisa memakan waktu berbulan-bulan, sedangkan NVivo mempercepatnya.

2. Meningkatkan validitas → fitur query membantu peneliti mengecek konsistensi tema.

3. Mendukung kolaborasi → proyek NVivo bisa dikerjakan oleh tim.

4. Integrasi data beragam → mampu menganalisis teks, audio, video, maupun media sosial.

5. Dukungan publikasi → hasil coding & visualisasi NVivo bisa langsung digunakan dalam artikel jurnal internasional (Zamawe, 2019).

6. How (Bagaimana Cara Menggunakan NVivo?)

Tahapan umum penggunaan NVivo adalah:

1. Import Data → masukkan transkrip wawancara, dokumen, PDF, atau media sosial.

2. Coding Data → buat node atau kategori sesuai tema penelitian.

3. Query Analysis → gunakan fitur word frequency, matrix coding, text search.

4. Visualisasi → buat word cloud, chart, atau model jaringan.

5. Export & Laporan → hasil analisis dapat diekspor dalam format tabel atau grafik untuk laporan akademik.

Contoh: Peneliti komunikasi mengimpor 1.000 komentar YouTube tentang iklan politik. Dengan NVivo, komentar di-coding ke tema “positif”, “negatif”, “netral”. Hasilnya divisualisasikan dalam diagram yang memudahkan pembaca jurnal memahami persepsi publik.

📊 Tabel Perbedaan NVivo dengan Alat Analisis Kualitatif Lain

Aspek NVivo ATLAS.ti MAXQDA

User Interface Lebih intuitif, mirip Office Lebih kompleks Interaktif dengan banyak visual

Fitur Analisis Coding, query, visualisasi, integrasi Coding kuat, tapi visual terbatas Coding & mixed-method

Integrasi Software SPSS, EndNote, Mendeley Excel, SPSS Excel, survey tools

Kelebihan Lengkap, populer, banyak tutorial Cocok penelitian etnografi Visualisasi kuat

Kekurangan Berbayar mahal Curam untuk pemula Kurang populer di Asia


📌 Contoh Penggunaan NVivo


1. Skripsi/Tesis → mahasiswa pendidikan memakai NVivo untuk mengolah wawancara guru tentang pembelajaran daring.

2. Penelitian Sosial → analisis data kualitatif survei terbuka tentang kebijakan publik.

3. Penelitian Media → analisis komentar media sosial tentang kampanye politik.


✅ Keunggulan NVivo

1. Mendukung analisis data besar & kompleks.

2. Visualisasi membantu memperkuat hasil riset.

3. Mempercepat coding & analisis.

4. Mendukung kolaborasi tim & publikasi internasional.


⚠️ Kekurangan NVivo


1. Harga lisensi mahal → kurang terjangkau mahasiswa individu.

2. Membutuhkan pembelajaran teknis → kurva belajar cukup curam

3. Bergantung pada interpretasi peneliti → tetap ada subjektivitas.

💬 Ajakan Diskusi


NVivo membantu penelitian kualitatif lebih sistematis, cepat, dan kredibel. Namun, biaya lisensi dan kerumitan teknis bisa jadi hambatan.

👉 Menurut Anda, apakah universitas di Indonesia sebaiknya mewajibkan NVivo sebagai standar analisis kualitatif, atau tetap memberi kebebasan memakai metode manual?

Tinggalkan pendapat Anda di laacademic.com 🚀


📚 Referensi (APA, 2019–2024, Scopus & Books Only)

Paulus, T., & Bennett, A. (2020). Using NVivo for qualitative research: Learning the software as a tool. Qualitative Research Journal, 20(2), 1–15.

Salmons, J. (2021). Doing qualitative research online with NVivo. SAGE Publications.

Woolf, N. H., & Silver, C. (2019). Qualitative analysis using NVivo: The five-level QDA method. Routledge.

Zamawe, F. C. (2019). The implications of using NVivo software in qualitative data analysis: A research note. Qualitative Research Journal, 19(3), 1–8.


Please check our service, if you need help to publish your article in Scopus, Copernicus or even Sinta journal. 


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