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📖 Mengenal Indeks Jurnal (Q1–Q4): Analisis dalam Format 5W1H

 1. What (Apa Itu Indeks Jurnal Q1–Q4?)

Indeks jurnal Q1–Q4 adalah sistem peringkat kuartil yang digunakan untuk menilai kualitas jurnal ilmiah berdasarkan Scimago Journal Rank (SJR) dari database Scopus. Kuartil dihitung dari CiteScore dan distribusi sitasi, lalu jurnal dibagi ke dalam empat peringkat:

  • Q1 (Quartile 1) → 25% teratas (jurnal dengan dampak paling tinggi).

  • Q2 (Quartile 2) → peringkat menengah atas.

  • Q3 (Quartile 3) → menengah bawah.

  • Q4 (Quartile 4) → 25% terbawah, tetap bereputasi tapi sitasi relatif rendah.

Kuartil ini sering dijadikan standar penilaian kinerja akademik dosen, peneliti, maupun universitas (Martín-Martín et al., 2021).

2. Who (Siapa yang Menggunakan Indeks Q1–Q4?)

Pengguna utama sistem kuartil ini adalah:

  1. Dosen & Peneliti → sebagai acuan publikasi untuk syarat kenaikan jabatan fungsional (Lektor Kepala, Guru Besar).

  2. Mahasiswa S2/S3 → syarat kelulusan, terutama di program doktoral.

  3. Institusi Pendidikan → universitas menggunakan kuartil untuk akreditasi internasional.

  4. Pemerintah → Indonesia melalui SINTA menjadikan publikasi Scopus Q1–Q4 sebagai indikator kinerja.

  5. Penerbit Jurnal → meningkatkan reputasi jurnal agar masuk kategori Q1–Q2 (Mulyani, 2023).

Contoh: Dosen di Universitas Indonesia yang ingin naik jabatan ke Guru Besar biasanya dituntut memiliki publikasi di Q1 atau Q2.

3. When (Kapan Indeks Kuartil Digunakan?)

Indeks Q1–Q4 digunakan dalam beberapa konteks:

  • Pra-publikasi → penulis memilih target jurnal berdasarkan kuartil.

  • Saat publikasi → jurnal menunjukkan kuartilnya untuk menarik penulis.

  • Pasca publikasi → penilaian kinerja peneliti dan institusi berdasarkan kuartil publikasi.

Sejak pandemi COVID-19, banyak universitas meningkatkan target Q1–Q2 sebagai syarat publikasi agar riset lebih diakui secara internasional (Xu et al., 2021).

4. Where (Di Mana Kuartil Jurnal Ditemukan?)

Kuartil jurnal bisa dicek di:

  1. Scopus Preview → https://www.scopus.com/sources

  2. Scimago Journal & Country Rank (SJR) → https://www.scimagojr.com

  3. Website Jurnal → penerbit biasanya menampilkan kuartil di halaman “About the Journal”.

Contoh: Journal of Cleaner Production (Elsevier) termasuk Q1 dalam kategori Environmental Science. Sedangkan Asian Journal of Accounting Research masuk Q3 di bidang Accounting.

5. Why (Mengapa Kuartil Penting?)

Kuartil penting karena:

  1. Standar Kualitas Global → Q1 dianggap jurnal paling prestisius.

  2. Syarat Kenaikan Jabatan → dosen di Indonesia wajib publikasi di jurnal bereputasi tinggi (Scopus Q1–Q3).

  3. Meningkatkan Reputasi Institusi → semakin banyak publikasi Q1–Q2, peringkat universitas naik.

  4. Akses Kolaborasi Internasional → publikasi di Q1–Q2 lebih mudah dikutip peneliti global (Harzing & Alakangas, 2021).

  5. Penentu Hibah & Pendanaan → lembaga internasional lebih percaya pada publikasi Q1–Q2.

Namun, kuartil juga diperdebatkan karena tidak selalu mencerminkan kualitas isi artikel (Mongeon & Paul-Hus, 2020).

6. How (Bagaimana Cara Menentukan & Menggunakan Kuartil?)

Cara menentukan kuartil:

  1. Cari jurnal di Scimago → ketik nama jurnal.

  2. Lihat bidang (subject area) → jurnal bisa berbeda kuartil di bidang yang berbeda.

  3. Perhatikan metrik → CiteScore, SJR, H-index.

Contoh penggunaan:

  • Mahasiswa doktoral memilih jurnal Q2 agar cepat diterima tapi tetap bereputasi.

  • Dosen mengejar Q1 untuk syarat Guru Besar.

📊 Tabel Perbedaan Jurnal Q1–Q4

KuartilCiri-ciriContoh JurnalKelebihanKekurangan
Q125% teratas, impact tinggi, sitasi luasNature EnergyPrestisius, sitasi tinggiPersaingan ketat, biaya tinggi
Q2Menengah atas, tetap bereputasiJournal of Business ResearchPeluang diterima lebih besarMasih seleksi ketat
Q3Menengah bawah, masih ScopusAsian Journal of Accounting ResearchLebih mudah diterimaSitasi rendah
Q425% terbawah di ScopusJournal of Applied Economic SciencesCocok untuk pemulaReputasi rendah

Contoh Kasus

Seorang mahasiswa doktoral di bidang ekonomi ingin publikasi.

  • Ia memilih jurnal Q3 agar lebih realistis dengan waktu studi.

  • Setelah lulus, dosennya menargetkan publikasi di Q1 untuk promosi jabatan.

  • Institusinya mendapat peningkatan akreditasi karena memiliki kombinasi publikasi Q1–Q3.

Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa pemilihan kuartil harus disesuaikan dengan tujuan (Nurhadi et al., 2022).

Kelebihan & Kekurangan

✅ Kelebihan

  1. Memberi standar kualitas jurnal.

  2. Mendorong peneliti publikasi di tempat bereputasi.

  3. Meningkatkan daya saing universitas.

⚠️ Kekurangan

  1. Menekan peneliti hanya mengejar Q1/Q2.

  2. Bidang humaniora sering kesulitan publikasi di Q1.

  3. Potensi bias bahasa (jurnal Inggris lebih dominan).

💬 Ajakan Diskusi

Indeks jurnal Q1–Q4 jelas membantu menilai reputasi publikasi, tetapi tidak selalu mencerminkan isi dan kontribusi ilmiah.
👉 Menurut Anda, apakah sistem kuartil sudah adil untuk semua bidang ilmu, atau perlu metode evaluasi lain?
Tulis pendapat Anda di kolom komentar atau diskusikan di laacademic.com 🚀

📚 Referensi (APA, Scopus/Books 2019–2024)

  • Harzing, A. W., & Alakangas, S. (2021). A longitudinal study of author impact in Scopus and Web of Science. Scientometrics, 126(4), 3021–3045.

  • Martín-Martín, A., Orduna-Malea, E., Thelwall, M., & López-Cózar, E. D. (2021). Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Scopus: Which is better for bibliometric analysis? Scientometrics, 126(1), 785–812.

  • Mongeon, P., & Paul-Hus, A. (2020). The journal coverage of Scopus and Web of Science: A comparative analysis. Scientometrics, 125(1), 109–128.

  • Mulyani, D. (2023). Implementasi Q1–Q4 dalam penilaian dosen dan peneliti di Indonesia. Jurnal Kebijakan Pendidikan, 15(1), 77–89.

  • Nurhadi, H., Putra, A., & Lestari, N. (2022). Pemanfaatan publikasi Scopus Q1–Q4 dalam peningkatan jabatan akademik. Jurnal Riset Pendidikan, 8(4), 221–234.

  • Xu, J., Wang, J., & Zhao, Y. (2021). Academic identities in the COVID-19 era: Scopus adoption and challenges. Journal of Scholarly Publishing, 52(4), 233–249.*



Please check our service, if you need help to publish your article in Scopus, Copernicus or even Sinta journal. 

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