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Perbedaan Review Article vs Research Article: Analisis 5W1H

1. What (Apa Itu Review Article dan Research Article?)

Review article adalah artikel yang merangkum, menganalisis, dan mengevaluasi penelitian-penelitian terdahulu pada suatu topik tertentu. Artikel ini tidak menyajikan data asli, melainkan berfungsi sebagai state of the art dari perkembangan ilmu (Grant & Booth, 2020).

Research article adalah artikel hasil penelitian asli yang memaparkan metodologi, data, analisis, dan temuan baru. Artikel ini merupakan kontribusi langsung terhadap pengembangan ilmu pengetahuan (Belcher, 2019).


Contoh:

Review: “Tren Artificial Intelligence dalam Pendidikan 2015–2023.”

Research: “Pengaruh ChatGPT terhadap Keterampilan Menulis Mahasiswa.”


2. Who (Siapa yang Menulis dan Membutuhkan Keduanya?)


Review article biasanya ditulis oleh peneliti senior atau akademisi yang memiliki literatur luas. Mahasiswa tingkat akhir juga kerap diminta menulis review sebagai latihan kritis.


Research article ditulis oleh peneliti yang melakukan eksperimen atau studi lapangan. Mahasiswa skripsi, dosen, dan peneliti profesional wajib menulis artikel riset sebagai bukti orisinalitas kontribusi.

Contoh: Mahasiswa doktoral menulis review sistematis untuk menemukan gap, lalu melanjutkan riset asli sebagai artikel penelitian.


3. When (Kapan Keduanya Digunakan?)


Review article digunakan ketika peneliti ingin memetakan perkembangan bidang tertentu atau menemukan celah penelitian. Biasanya ditulis di awal proyek riset.

Research article digunakan setelah penelitian selesai, untuk mendokumentasikan hasil dan menyumbangkan data baru ke komunitas akademik.

Contoh: Peneliti menulis review “Literature Mapping Sustainable Finance 2010–2020” lalu menghasilkan research article tentang “Implementasi Green Sukuk di Indonesia.”


4. Where (Di Mana Artikel Ini Diterbitkan?)


Review article umumnya diterbitkan di jurnal bereputasi tinggi yang menerima review paper, seperti Nature Reviews, Annual Review of Sociology, atau jurnal bidang tertentu.

Research article diterbitkan di hampir semua jurnal ilmiah, dari Scopus Q1–Q4 hingga Sinta.

Contoh:

Review → Annual Review of Psychology.

Research → Journal of Cleaner Production (Elsevier).


5. Why (Mengapa Penting Dibedakan?)

Perbedaan penting karena tujuan, struktur, dan evaluasi kedua jenis artikel berbeda.

Review membantu mengidentifikasi research gap dan membangun fondasi teori.

Research menghasilkan temuan baru yang dapat diuji, direplikasi, atau dijadikan dasar kebijakan.

Keduanya saling melengkapi: review memperluas wawasan, research memperdalam bukti empiris (Snyder, 2019).


6. How (Bagaimana Menulis Keduanya?)


Review Article:


1. Tentukan topik spesifik.

2. Cari literatur dari database (Scopus, WoS, Google Scholar).

3. Sintesis & evaluasi hasil studi.

4. Susun narasi kritis dengan kerangka tema.


Research Article:

1. Rumuskan masalah & hipotesis.

2. Tentukan metode (kualitatif, kuantitatif, mixed).

3. Kumpulkan & analisis data.

4. Laporkan temuan & diskusi.

Contoh:

Review → “Literature Review on Fintech Adoption in Asia.”

Research → “Empirical Study on Fintech Adoption among Indonesian SMEs.”


📊 Tabel Perbedaan Review Article vs Research Article


Aspek Review Article Research Article


Definisi Ringkasan & analisis literatur terdahulu Laporan hasil penelitian asli

Tujuan Mengidentifikasi tren & gap Menyajikan temuan baru

Struktur Tema/topik literatur IMRAD (Intro–Method–Result–Discussion)

Data Sekunder (artikel, buku, database) Primer (observasi, survei, eksperimen)

Kontribusi Sintesis teori, arah riset baru Pengetahuan empiris, teori baru

Contoh Publikasi Annual Review of Sociology Journal of Cleaner Production

Penulis Umumnya peneliti berpengalaman Semua level peneliti (mahasiswa–profesor)

Kelebihan Memberi gambaran luas Memberi kontribusi empiris nyata

Kekurangan Tidak ada data asli Fokus sempit, hanya 1 studi


✅ Kelebihan & ⚠️ Kekurangan


Review Article

✅ Memberi wawasan luas.

✅ Menghemat waktu bagi pembaca.

⚠️ Tidak ada kontribusi data asli.

⚠️ Rentan bias jika seleksi literatur lemah.


Research Article

✅ Memberi kontribusi empiris.

✅ Jadi syarat kenaikan jabatan/gelar.

⚠️ Butuh waktu lama (riset lapangan/eksperimen).

⚠️ Hasil bisa terbatas pada konteks tertentu.


Contoh Kasus


1. Mahasiswa S2 di bidang manajemen menulis review tentang digital transformation in SMEs untuk menemukan gap.

2. Dari gap tersebut, ia membuat research article dengan survei 300 UMKM di Indonesia tentang adopsi digital banking.

Hasilnya → review memperluas wawasan, research menambah bukti empiris.



Ajakan Diskusi


📌 Menurut Anda, lebih sulit menulis review article yang membutuhkan literatur luas, atau research article yang membutuhkan data asli?

💬 Bagikan pengalaman Anda di laacademic.com 🚀


📚 Referensi (APA, 2019–2024)

Belcher, W. L. (2019). Writing your journal article in twelve weeks: A guide to academic publishing success. University of Chicago Press.

Grant, M. J., & Booth, A. (2020). A typology of reviews: An analysis of 14 review types and associated methodologies. Health Information & Libraries Journal, 37(3), 173–180.

Snyder, H. (2019). Literature reviews as a research methodology: An overview and guidelines. Journal of Business Research, 104, 333–339.

Xiao, Y., & Watson, M. (2019). Guidance on conducting a systematic literature review. Journal of Planning Education and Research, 39(1), 93–112.

Booth, A., Sutton, A., & Papaioannou, D. (2021). Systematic approaches to a successful literature review. Sage.



Please check our service, if you need help to publish your article in Scopus, Copernicus or even Sinta journal. 

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