Apa Itu Citation Index?

📚 Apa Itu Citation Index?

Citation Index adalah pengindeks sitasi, yaitu sistem yang mencatat seberapa sering sebuah artikel ilmiah disitasi (dikutip) oleh artikel lain.

Dengan kata lain, Citation Index mengukur dampak dan pengaruh suatu publikasi ilmiah berdasarkan jumlah sitasi yang diterimanya.

Citation Index tidak hanya menghitung sitasi, tetapi juga:

melacak jaringan sitasi antarartikel,
mengukur dampak peneliti,
menilai kualitas jurnal,
dan membantu menemukan literatur ilmiah yang relevan.

🧩 Mengapa Citation Index Penting?

Menilai Dampak Ilmiah
- Artikel yang sering disitasi dianggap berpengaruh dalam bidangnya.
Menentukan Kualitas Jurnal
- Citation Index digunakan dalam penghitungan Impact Factor, SJR, dll.
Menilai Kinerja Peneliti
- Digunakan untuk menghitung h-index, i10-index, dan metrik lain.
Memudahkan Pencarian Literatur
- Peneliti bisa menelusuri artikel yang merujuk satu sama lain.

📊 Jenis-Jenis Citation Index Terkenal

Berikut beberapa Citation Index yang paling umum digunakan:

1. Web of Science (WoS) – Clarivate

Termasuk:

Science Citation Index (SCI)
Social Science Citation Index (SSCI)
Arts & Humanities Citation Index (AHCI)

Ini adalah Citation Index paling prestisius dan banyak dipakai untuk penilaian jurnal internasional bereputasi.

2. Scopus – Elsevier

Sistem pengindeks sitasi terbesar secara jumlah jurnal.
Menghasilkan metrik:

CiteScore
SJR (Scimago Journal Rank)
SNIP

3. Google Scholar Citation

Gratis dan paling mudah diakses.
Menghasilkan:

h-index
i10-index

Namun, kualitas kurasinya lebih rendah dibanding WoS/Scopus karena banyak artikel non-peer review juga terindeks.

4. Dimensions

Pengindeks sitasi modern yang menampilkan:

jumlah sitasi,
dampak penelitian,
hubungan antarartikel,
funding penelitian.

📐 Metrik yang Dihasilkan oleh Citation Index

Citation Index digunakan untuk menghitung:

1. Citation Count

Jumlah total sitasi yang diterima artikel.

2. h-index

Ukuran produktivitas dan dampak peneliti.

3. Impact Factor (IF)

Dihitung oleh Journal Citation Reports (JCR) dari Clarivate (Web of Science).

4. CiteScore, SJR, SNIP

Metrik kualitas jurnal dari Scopus.

🎯 Kesimpulan

Citation Index adalah sistem pengindeksan yang mencatat sitasi antarartikel ilmiah.
Berguna untuk menilai kualitas artikel, jurnal, peneliti, dan memudahkan penelusuran literatur.
Terdiri dari berbagai jenis seperti WoS, Scopus, Google Scholar, dan lainnya.
Menjadi dasar perhitungan metrik penting seperti Impact Factor, h-index, dan CiteScore.

Jika Anda ingin, saya bisa jelaskan juga perbedaan Scopus vs Web of Science, atau cara meningkatkan sitasi artikel Anda.

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